Bibliography for
HISTORY OF COMPUTING updated March 2015 |
![]() Charles Babbage Institute University of Minnesota Minneapolis MN
55455
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Table of Contents
Chronology:
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Topics and
Institutions:
SEE ALSO: History of Engineering | Global Culture | Military Microelectronics |
IEEE Annals of the History of Computing. (journal)
ON-LINE INDEX at <ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/RecentIssue.jsp?puNumber=85>
"Computing Then" -- Annals content on-line
Charles Babbage Institute (at University of Minnesota) -- research center for computer history:
Computer History Museum -- "the
world's largest history museum for preserving and presenting the
computing revolution and its impact on the human experience"
Heinz Nixdorf MuseumsForum
-- "not only the world's largest computer museum but also a
modern conference centre"
IEEE History Center -- historical exhibits on electrical engineering
Internet Society "Histories of the
Internet"
J.A.N. Lee's history of computing (at Virginia Tech) -- many files
Smithsonian's computer history collection
Ed Thalen's extensive list of on-line
historical documents <www.ed-thelen.org/comp-hist/on-line-docs.html>
Agar, Jon. The Government Machine: A
Revolutionary History of the Computer. MIT Press,
2003.
Braun, Ernest, and Stuart Macdonald. 1982. Revolution in Miniature: The History and Impact of Semiconductor Electronics. Cambridge University Press; 2nd ed.
Campbell-Kelly, Martin, and William Aspray. 1996/2004/2013. Computer: A History of the Information Machine. New York: Basic Books; 2nd and 3rd editions Westview.
Campbell-Kelly, Martin. "The History of the
History of Software." IEEE Annals of the History of
Computing 29 #4 (Oct.-Dec. 2007): 40-51. <UMN>
Castells, Manuel. The Rise of the Network Society. Cambridge, Mass.: Blackwell Publishers, 1996.
Castells, Manuel. End of Millennium; The information age, economy, society, and culture. Malden, MA: Blackwell Publishers, 1998.
Ceruzzi, Paul E. A History of Modern Computing. Cambridge: MIT Press, 1998; second edition 2003.
Chandler, Alfred D., Jr. Inventing the Electronic Century: The Epic Story of the Consumer Electronics and Computer Science Industries. New York: Free Press, 2001.
Chandler, Alfred D., Jr., and James W. Cortada, eds. A Nation Transformed by Information: How Information Has Shaped the United States from Colonial Times to the Present. Oxford University Press, 2000.
Edwards, Paul. "Making History" <www.si.umich.edu/~pne/PDF/makinghistory.pdf>
Edwards, Paul. "From 'Impact' to Social Process: Computers in Society and Culture" (1994) <www.si.umich.edu/~pne/PDF/impact.pdf>
"Frontline: Digital Nation." <www.pbs.org/wgbh/pages/frontline/digitalnation/view/>
[PBS Frontline 2010]
Goldstine, Herman H. The Computer from Pascal to von Neumann. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1980, c1972.
Hashagen, Ulf, Reinhard Keil-Slawik, and Arthur L. Norberg, eds. History of Computing: Software Issues. Berlin/New York: Springer, 2002Headrick, Daniel R. When Information Came of Age: Technologies of Knowledge in the Age of Reason and Revolution, 1700-1850. Oxford University Press, 2002.
IEEE Annals of the History of Computing. (journal)
Online Index at <ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/RecentIssue.jsp?puNumber=85>
Mahoney, Michael
S. "The History of Computing in the History of Technology."
Annals of the History of Computing 10 #2 (1988): 113-125. <online> <UMN>
Mahoney, Michael S. "Finding a History for Software Engineering." Annals of the History of Computing 26 #1 (2004): 8-19. <online> <UMN>
Mahoney, Michael S. "The Histories of Computing(s)." Interdisciplinary Science Reviews 30 #2 (June 2005). <online>
Mahoney, Michael
S. Histories of Computing.
Harvard University Press 2011. [edited by Tom Haigh]
Misa, Thomas J. "Understanding 'How
Computing has Changed the World'." Annals of the History of Computing 29 #4
(2007): 52-63. <UMN>
Shurkin, Joel N. 1996. Engines of the Mind: The Evolution of The Computer from Mainframes to Microprocessors. New York: Norton.
Swedin, Eric
G., and David L. Ferro. Computers: The Life Story of a
Technology. Johns Hopkins University Press, 2007
"The Machine That Changed the World" <waxy.org/2008/06/the_machine_that_changed_the_world/>
Yost, Jeffrey R. The Computer Industry (Emerging Industries in the United States). Greenwood, 2005. Amazon.
Bromley, Allan G. "Charles Babbage's Analytical Engine, 1838" IEEE Annals of the History of Computing 4 #3 (1982); reprinted AHC 20 #4 (1998): 29-45. <UMN>
Cortada, James W. Before the Computer: IBM, NCR, Burroughs, and Remington Rand and the Industry They Created, 1865-1956. Princeton University Press, 1993.
Fuegi, John, and Jo Francis, "Lovelace & Babbage and the creation of the 1843 'notes'." Annals of the History of Computing 25 #4 (Oct-Dec 2003): 18-26. <Digital Object Identifier> <UMN>
Gibson, William, and Bruce Sterling. The Difference Engine: A Novel. Bantam, 1991. [The Ada Lovelace and Charles Babbage inspired prototype for "steam punk" movement]Heide, Lars.
Punched-Card Systems and the Early Information Explosion,
1880–1945. Johns Hopkins University Press, 2009.
Hyman, Anthony. Charles Babbage, pioneer of the computer. Oxford: Oxford University Press; Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1982.
Hyman, Anthony (ed.) and H. W. (Harry Wilmot) Buxton. 1988. Memoir of the life and labours of the late Charles Babbage Esq., F.R.S. Cambridge: MIT Press; Los Angeles: Tomash, 1988
Jones, Douglas W. "Punched Cards" <www.cs.uiowa.edu/~jones/cards/> (Oct. 2003) [illustrated technical history; links to emulators; rentals; resources, e.g.: ]
Kistermann, F.W. "Hollerith punched card system development (1905-1913)." Annals of the History of Computing 27 #1 (2005): 56-66 <UMN>Steve Lubar's "Do not fold, spindle or mutilate": A cultural history of the punch card" Charles M. Province's "IBM Punch Card Systems in the U.S. Army" Sites illustrating Jacquard loom, and Herman Hollerith)
Maney, Kevin. The Maverick and His Machine: Thomas Watson, Sr. and the Making of IBM. John Wiley & Sons, 2003.
Pugh, Emerson W.,
and Lars Heide. "Punched Card Equipment." IEEE
STARS [2009] <online>
Punched card tabulating equipment, invented and developed by Herman Hollerith to process data from the United States Census of 1890, was the first mechanized means for compiling and analyzing statistical information. Through continual improvements, first by Hollerith and then by many others, punched card equipment created and expanded the worldwide information processing industry and continued to play a significant role in that industry for more than two decades after the first commercial electronic computers were installed in the early 1950s.
Pugh, Emerson W. Building IBM: shaping an industry and its technology. Cambridge: MIT Press, 1995.
Stein, Dorothy. Ada: A Life and a Legacy. Cambridge: MIT Press, c1985. [Lovelace, Ada King, 1815-1852.]
Swade, Doron. The Cogwheel Brain: Charles Babbage and the
quest to build the first computer. London: Little,
Brown, 2000.
Swade, Doron. "The construction of
Charles Babbage's Difference Engine No. 2." Annals of the
History of Computing 27 #3 (2005): 70-88. <UMN>
Yates, JoAnne. Control through Communication: The Rise of System in American Management. Johns Hopkins University Press, 1989.
Yates, JoAnne.
Structuring the Information Age: Life Insurance and
Technology in the Twentieth Century. Johns Hopkins
University Press, 2008.
Bennett, S. 1993. A History of Control Engineering 1930-1955. Peter Peregrinus.
Bowles, M. "Theory and Practice: Obstacles and Opportunities in the Development of the British and American Differential Analyzers." Annals of the History of Computing 18 #4 (1996). <UMN>
Care, Charles. Technology for
Modelling: Electrical Analogies, Engineering Practice, and the
Development of Analogue Computing. Springer, 2010.
Clymer, A.B. "The mechanical analog computers of Hannibal Ford and William Newell." Annals of the History of Computing 15 #2 (1993): 19-34. <UMN>
Holst, Per A. "George A. Philbrick and Polyphemus: The First Electronic Training Simulator." Annals of the History of Computing 4 #2 (1982): 143-156. <UMN>
Johansson, M. "Early analog computers in Sweden." Annals of the History of Computing 18 #4 (1996): 27-33. <UMN>
Karplus, Walter J. Analog Simulation. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1958.
Mindell, David. "Anti-Aircraft Fire Control at Sperry, 1925-1940." IEEE Control Systems (April 1995): 108-13.
Mindell, David. Between Human and Machine: Feedback, Control, and Computing Before Cybernetics. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins, 2002.
Owens, Larry. "Vannevar Bush and the Differential Analyzer: The Text and Context of an Early Computer." Technology and Culture 27 (1986): 63-95. <UMN>
Preston, Frank.
"Vannevar Bush's network analyzer at MIT." IEEE Annals of
the History of Computing (Jan-Mar 2003): 75-78.
Puchta, S. "On the role of mathematics and mathematical knowledge in the invention of Vannevar Bush's early analog computers." Annals of the History of Computing 18 #4 (1996): 49-59 <UMN>
Robinson, Tim.
Meccano
Computing Machinery. Differential Analyzer
bibliography 1
+ 2.
Small, J.S. "General-purpose electronic analog computing: 1945-1965." Annals of the History of Computing 15 #2 (1993): 8-18. <UMN>
The Electronic Analogue Computer in Britain and
the USA, 1930-1975. New York/London:
Routledge, 2001.
Tympas, A. "From digital to analog and back: the ideology of intelligent machines in the history of the electrical analyzer, 1870s-1960s." Annals of the History of Computing 18 #4 (1996): 42-48. <UMN>
Van den Ende, Jan. "Tidal calculations in the Netherlands, 1920-60." Annals of the History of Computing 14 #3 (1992): 23-33. <UMN>
Williams, Michael. "Differential Analyzers." IEEE STARS [2010] <online>
Some of the most difficult problems in science and technology involve solving equations relating to complex physical situations such as predicting the heights of tides, designing antenna systems for radio communication, creating a reliable electrical power grid, and accurately predicting where an artillery shell would fall. These problems were only capable of being solved when mechanical analog devices were invented to aid in the solution of differential equations. The creation of the differential analyzer in the first half of the 20th century was a breakthrough that allowed for advances in these and many other areas.
Bartik, Jean. "Luck beats brains: a
personal history of computing." Journal of Computing
Sciences in Colleges
21 no. 4 (April 2006): 7.
Bashe, Charles J. (et al.) IBM's Early Computers. Cambridge: MIT Press, 1986.
Burks, Alice Rowe. Who Invented the Computer? The Legal Battle That Changed Computing History. Prometheus Books, 2003.
Burks, Arthur W. The first electronic computer: the Atanasoff story. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press, 1988.
Carpenter, B.E. and R.W. Doran. A.M. Turing's ACE report of 1946 and other papers. Cambridge: MIT Press/Los Angeles: Tomash Publishers, 1986.
Care, Charles.
"Not only digital: a review of ACM's early involvement with
analog computing technology." Communications of the ACM
50 no. 5 (May 2007): 42-45.
Ceruzzi, Paul E. Reckoners: the prehistory of the digital computer, from relays to the stored program concept, 1935-1945. Greenwood Press, 1983. [ WWW version available at <www.ed-thelen.org> ]
Cohen, I. Bernard. Howard Aiken: Portrait of a Computer Pioneer. MIT Press, 1999.
Copeland, B.J. "Colossus: its origins and
originators." Annals of the History of Computing
26 #4 (Oct.-Dec. 2004): 38-45. <UMN>
Grier, D.A. "Agricultural computing and the context for John Atanasoff." Annals of the History of Computing 22 #1 (2000): 48-61. <UMN>
Gruenberger, F.J. 1979. "History of the Johnniac." Annals of the History of Computing 1(1):49-64. <UMN>
Hodges, Andrew. Alan Turing: The Enigma. New York: Simon and Schuster, 1983.
Longo, B. "Edmund Berkeley, computers, and modern methods of thinking." Annals of the History of Computing 26 #4 (Oct.-Dec. 2004): 4-18. <UMN>
Lundstrom, David E. A Few Good Men from UNIVAC. Cambridge: MIT Press, 1987. [memoir on rise of Control Data from Univac division of Sperry Rand; Univac and the Naval Tactical Data System; CDC's top designer Seymour Cray]
Norberg, Arthur L. Computers and Commerce: A Study of Technology and Management at Eckert-Mauchly Computer Company, Engineering Research Associates, and Remington Rand, 1946-1957. Cambridge: MIT Press 2005.
Owens, Larry. "Where are we going Phil Morse? Changing Agendas and the Rhetoric of Obviousness in the Transformation of Computing at MIT, 1939-1957." IEEE Annals of the History of Computing 18 #4 (1996): 34-41. <UMN>
Pugh, Emerson W. Building IBM: shaping an industry and its technology. Cambridge: MIT Press, 1995.
Randell, Brian (ed.). The origins of digital computers: selected papers. Berlin/New York: Springer-Verlag, 1975.
Redmond, Kent C., and Thomas M. Smith. 1980. Project Whirlwind: The History of a Pioneer Computer. Bedford, Mass.: Digital Press. [see also Redmond & Smith 2000 on SAGE]
Rees, Mina. "The Computing Program of the Office of Naval Research, 1946-1953." Annals of the History of Computing 4 #2 (1982) 102-120; reprinted in Communications of the ACM 30 #10 (October 1987): 832 - 848. <WWW> (Oct. 2003)Riordan, Michael, and Lillian Hoddeson. 1997. Crystal Fire: The Birth of the Information Age. New York: Norton. [history of solid-state physics and invention of transistor at Bell Labs]
Rope, C. "ENIAC as a Stored-Program
Computer: A New Look at the Old Records." Annals of
the History of Computing 29 #4 (Oct.-Dec. 2007): 82-87.
<UMN>
Smiley, Jane. The Man Who Invented the Computer: The Biography of John Atanasoff, Digital Pioneer. New York: Doubleday, 2010.
Stern, Nancy B. From ENIAC to UNIVAC: An Appraisal of the Eckert-Mauchly Computers. Bedford, Mass.: Digital Press, 1981.
Ulmann, Bernd. AN/FSQ-7:
The Computer that Shaped the Cold War. Berlin/Boston : De
Gruyter, Oldenbourg, 2014
Wilkes, Maurice V. Memoirs of a Computer Pioneer. MIT Press, 1985.
Cortada, James W. "Studying the Role of IT in the Evolution of American Business Practices" Annals of the History of Computing 29 #4 (Oct.-Dec. 2007): 28-39. <UMN>
Crowe, G.D.; Goodman, S.E. "S.A. Lebedev and the birth of Soviet computing." Annals of the History of Computing 16 #1 (Spring 1994): 4-24. <UMN>
Ferry, Georgina. A Computer Called LEO: Lyons Teashop and the World's First Office Computer. London: Fourth Estate, 2003. [a pioneering computer as the result of consumer-driven innovation in Britain]
Gray, George T. and Ronald Q. Smith. "Before the B5000: Burroughs Computers, 1951-1963." Annals of the History of Computing 25:2 (April-June 2003): 50-61. <UMN>
Gray, George T. and Ronald Q. Smith. "Sperry Rand's transistor computers." Annals of the History of Computing 20 #3 (July-Sept. 1998): 16-26. <UMN>
Gray, George T. and Ronald Q. Smith. "Sperry Rand's third-generation computers 1964-1980." Annals of the History of Computing 23 #1 (Jan.-March 2001): 3-16. <UMN>
Head, R.V. "ERMA's lost battalion." Annals of the History of Computing 23 #3 (July-Sept. 2001): 64-72 [General Electric's effort at computerizing check-clearing in the 1950s] <UMN>
Irvine, M.M. "Early digital computers at Bell Telephone Laboratories." Annals of the History of Computing 23 #3 (2001): 22-42. <UMN>
Kluver, P.V. "From research institute to computer company: Regnecentralen 1946-1964." Annals of the History of Computing 21 #2 (April-June 1999): 31-43. <UMN>
Lavington, Simon. Moving Targets:
Elliott-Automation and the Dawn of the Computer Age in
Britain, 1947–67. Springer, 2011.
Lee, J.A.N.; Snively, G.E. "The rise and sale of the General Electric Computer Department: a further look." Annals of the History of Computing 22 #2 (April-June 2000): 53-60. <UMN>
Lee, J.A.N.; Burke, C.; Anderson, D. "The US Bombes, NCR, Joseph Desch, and 600 WAVES: the first reunion of the US Naval Computing Machine Laboratory." Annals of the History of Computing 22 #3 (July-Sept. 2000): 27-41. <UMN>
MacKenzie, Donald. "The Influence of the Los Alamos and Livermore National Labs on Supercomputing." Annals of the History of Computing 13 no. 2 (1991): 179-201. <UMN>
McKenney, J.L.; Fisher, A.W. "Manufacturing the ERMA banking system: lessons from history." Annals of the History of Computing 15 #4 (1993): 7-26. [General Electric's computerizing check-clearing in the 1950s] <UMN>
Norberg,
Arthur L. Computers and Commerce: A Study of
Technology and Management at Eckert-Mauchly Computer Company,
Engineering Research Associates, and Remington Rand, 1946-1957.
MIT Press 2005.
Oldfield, H.R. "General Electric enters the computer business--revisited." Annals of the History of Computing 17 #4 (Winter 1995): 46-55. <UMN>
Pugh, Emerson W. Memories that shaped an industry: decisions leading to IBM System/360. Cambridge: MIT Press, 1984.
Pugh, Emerson W. Building IBM: shaping an industry and its technology. Cambridge: MIT Press, 1995.
Stern, Nancy B. From ENIAC to UNIVAC: An Appraisal of the Eckert-Mauchly Computers. Bedford, Mass.: Digital Press, 1981.Yates, JoAnne. 2005. Structuring the Information Age: Life Insurance and Technology in the Twentieth Century. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press.
Yost, Jeffrey R. A Bibliographic Guide to Resources in Scientific Computing, 1945-1975. Greenwood Press, 2002.
Annals of the History of Computing. Special issue on SAGE vol. 5 #4 (1983). <UMN>
Aspray, William, and Bernard O. Williams. 1994. "Arming American Scientists: NSF and the Provision of Scientific Computing Facilities for Universities, 1950-1973." Annals of the History of Computing 16(4):60-74. <UMN>
Baum, Claude. 1981. The System Builders: The Story of SDC. Santa Monica: System Development Corporation.
Borning, Alan "Computer System Reliability and Nuclear War." Communications of the ACM 30 #2 (February 1987): 112-131 <WWW> (Oct. 2003)
"on October 5, 1960, the warning system at NORAD indicated that the United States was under massive attack by Soviet missiles with a certainty of 99.9 percent. It turned out that the BMEWS radar in Thule, Greenland, had spotted the rising moon. Nobody had thought about the moon when specifying how the system should act."Davis, N. C. and S. E. Goodman. "The Soviet Bloc's Unified System of Computers." ACM Computing Surveys 10 #2 (June 1978): 93-122. <WWW> (Oct. 2003) [On the Soviet's reverse engineering the IBM System/360]
Edwards, Paul N. The Closed World: Computers and the politics of discourse in Cold War America. Cambridge: MIT Press, 1996.
Flamm, Kenneth. 1988. Creating the Computer: Government, Industry and High Technology. Washington: Brookings Institution.
Forman, Paul. "Behind Quantum Electronics: National Security as Basis for Physical Research in the United States, 1940-1960." Historical Studies in the Physical and Biological Sciences 18 (1985): 149-229.
Hughes, Agatha C., and Thomas P. Hughes,
eds. Systems, Experts, and Computers: The Systems
Approach in Management and Engineering, World War II and After.
Cambridge: MIT Press, 2000
Hughes, Thomas P. 1998. Rescuing
Prometheus: The Story of the Mammoth Project Sage, ICBM,
Arpanet and Boston's Central Artery/Tunnel That Created New
Styles of Management. Pantheon. [case studies of SAGE bomber
defense, Atlas missile, ARPANET, and Boston's Central Artery
projects]
IBM's "On Guard" 1956 video at youtube
(10 min.) | part
2 (2 min.)
Jacobs, John F. The SAGE Air Defense System: A Personal History. MITRE Corporation, 1986.
Kahn, David. 1967. The Codebreakers: The Story of Secret Writing. Macmillan, New York.
Leslie, Stuart W. 1993. The Cold War and American Science: The Military-Industrial-Academic Complex at MIT and Stanford. New York: Columbia University Press. [available online as <ACLS Humanities Book>]
Mindell, David
A. Digital Apollo: Human and Machine in Spaceflight.
Cambridge: MIT Press 2008.
Misa, Thomas J. "Military Needs, Commercial Realities, and the Development of the Transistor, 1948-1958," in Merritt Roe Smith (ed.), Military Enterprise and Technological Change (MIT Press, 1985), pp. 253-87.
Misa, Thomas J. Digital
State: The Story of Minnesota's Computing Industry.
University of Minnesota Press, 2013. <UMN>
Noble, David F. 1984. Forces of Production: A Social History of Industrial Automation. New York: Knopf.
Norberg, Arthur L., and Judy E. O'Neill. 1996. Transforming Computer Technology: Information Processing for the Pentagon, 1962-1986. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press.
Redmond, Kent C. and Thomas M. Smith. 1980. Project Whirlwind: The History of a Pioneer Computer. Bedford, Mass.: Digital Press. [see also Redmond & Smith 1980 on Whirlwind; and Ullmann 2014 on AN FSQ-7]
Rees, Mina. "The Computing Program of the Office of Naval Research, 1946-1953." Annals of the History of Computing 4 #2 (1982) 102-120; reprinted in Communications of the ACM 30 #10 (October 1987): 832 - 848. <WWW> (Oct. 2003)
Association for Computing Machinery (ACM) SIGPLAN. 1978. A History of Programming Languages: Proceedings of the ACM Conference on Programming Languages. Academic Press, Los Angeles, Calif.
Backus, John. 1979. "The History of FORTRAN I, II, and III." Annals of the History of Computing 1 #1 (Jan.-March 1979): 21-37. <UMN>
Campbell-Kelly,
Martin. From Airline Reservations to Sonic the
Hedgehog: A History of the Software Industry. MIT
Press, 2003. [the first book-length study
of the software industry: software contractors and programming
service providers in the 1950s; corporate software products in
the 1960s; personal-computing software in the 1980s --- e.g.
FORTRAN, COBOL, SDC, SAGE and SABRE, IBM System/360, Gates and
Microsoft]
Campbell-Kelly, Martin. "Number Crunching
without Programming: The Evolution of Spreadsheet Usability."
IEEE Annals of the History of Computing 29 no. 3 (2007):
6-19 <UMN>
Collins H.M. Artificial Experts: Social
Knowledge and Intelligent Machines. MIT Press, 1990.
Ensmenger, Nathan. The Computer Boys Take Over: Computers, Programmers, and the Politics of Technical Expertise. MIT Press, 2010.
Ensmenger, Nathan.
"Is chess the drosophila of artificial intelligence? A social
history of an algorithm." Social Studies of Science 42
no. 1 (2012): 5-30.
Franchi,
Stefano, and Güven Güzeldere, eds.
Mechanical Bodies, Computational Minds: Artificial
Intelligence from Automata to Cyborgs. MIT Press,
2005.
Haigh, Thomas. "Remembering the Office of
the Future: The Origins of Word Processing and Office
Automation." IEEE Annals of the History of Computing 28 no.
4 (2006): 6-31 <UMN>
Hashagen, Ulf,
Reinhard Keil-Slawik, and Arthur L. Norberg, eds. History of
Computing: Software Issues (Berlin/New York: Springer,
2002)
Hsu, Feng-Hsiung. Behind Deep
Blue: Building the Computer that Defeated the World Chess
Champion. Princeton University Press, 2004.
McCarthy, John. 1981. "History of Lisp," in Richard Wexelblat, ed., History of Programming Languages. Academic Press, New York. [available online at <www-formal.stanford.edu/jmc/history/lisp/lisp.html>]
MacKenzie, Donald. Mechanizing Proof: Computing, Risk, and Trust. MIT Press, 2001.
Mahoney, Michael S. "What Makes the History of Software Hard." IEEE
Annals of the History of Computing 30 no. 3 (July-Sept. 2008):
8-18.
Nilsson, Nils J. The Quest for Artificial Intelligence. Cambridge University Press, 2009.
Priestley, Mark. A Science of
Operations: Machines, Logic and the Invention of Programming.
Spring, 2011.
Roland, Alex, and Philip Shiman. Strategic Computing: DARPA and the Quest for Machine Intelligence, 1983-1993. Cambridge: MIT Press, 2002.
Wexelblat, Richard, ed. History of
Programming Languages. Academic Press, New York, 1981.
Campbell-Kelly, Martin, and Daniel D.
Garcia-Swartz. "Economic Perspectives on the History of the
Computer Time-Sharing Industry, 1965-1985." Annals of the
History of Computing 30 #1 (Jan.-March
2008): 16-36. <UMN>
Cortada, James W.
The Digital Hand. New York: Oxford University
Press, 2004-8.
Greenstein, Shane M. "Lock-in and the costs of switching mainframe computer vendors in the U.S. federal government in the 1970s." Annals of the History of Computing 17 #3 (Fall 1995): 58-66. <UMN>Volume 1: How Computers Changed the Work of American Manufacturing, Transportation, and Retail Industries
Volume 2: How Computers Changed the Work of American Financial, Telecommunications, Media, and Entertainment Industries
Volume 3: How Computers Changed the Work of American Public Sector Industries
Pardo-Guerra, J. P. "Creating flows of
interpersonal bits: The automation of the London Stock Exchange,
c.1955-90." Economy and
Society 39 (2010): 84-109.
Pugh, Emerson W., Lyle R. Johnson, and John H. Palmer. IBM's 360 and early 370 systems. Cambridge: MIT Press, 1991.
Stearns, David L. Electronic Value Exchange: Origins of the VISA Electronic Payment System. Springer, 2011.
Usselman, Steven W. "IBM and Its Imitators: Organizational Capabilities and the Emergence of the International Computer Industry." Business and Economic History 22 #2 (Winter 1993): 1-35. <WWW> (Sept. 2003)
Yost, Jeffrey R. The IBM Century: Creating the IT Revolution. IEEE Computer Society Press, 2011.Amazon: This unique volume brings together fascinating memoirs of key IBM engineers and managers of the past 100 years -- from Walter Jones, who started as a sales engineer in 1912 and rose through the ranks for three decades, to Cuthbert Hurd, James Birkenstock, Bob Evans, John Backus, Watts Humphrey, and others who led IBM to supremacy in digital computing and software. It details punch card tabulation, IBM’s entrance into computing, and the transformative IBM hardware (IBM 650, IBM 1401, System/360) and software (FORTRAN, SABRE, IMS) that changed the world. The IBM Century contains an IBM timeline, a comprehensive IBM annotated bibliography, and a new introductory essay that characterizes IBM's 100-year history and contextualizes each of the memoirs.
Aspray, William. "The Intel 4004 Microprocessor: What constituted invention?" Annals of the History of Computing 19 #3 (1997): 4-15. <UMN>
Bassett, Ross Knox. To the Digital Age: Research Labs, Start-Up Companies, and the Rise of MOS Technology. Johns Hopkins Univ. Press, 2002.
Braun, Ernest, and Stuart Macdonald. 1982. Revolution in Miniature: The History and Impact of Semiconductor Electronics. Cambridge University Press; 2nd ed.
Gray, G.T., and R.Q. Smith. "Sperry Rand's third-generation computers 1964-1980." Annals of the History of Computing 23 #1 (2001): 3-16. <UMN>
Harrar, George. The Ultimate Entrepreneur: The Story of Ken Olsen and Digital Equipment Corporation (Chicago: Contemporary Books, 1988).
Jackson, Tim. Inside Intel: Andy Grove and the rise of the world's most powerful chip company. New York, N.Y.: Dutton, 1997.
Jones, Douglas W. "The Digital Equipment Corporation PDP-8" <www.cs.uiowa.edu/~jones/pdp8/> (Aug. 2007) [wide-ranging WWW site with links to FAQs, programmers manuals, a brief history]
Kidder, Tracy. 1981. The Soul of a New Machine. Boston: Little, Brown; reprinted Back Bay Books, 2000. [wonderful portrait of Data General, a once-great mini-computer company]
Malone, Michael S. 1995. The Microprocessor: A Biography. New York: Springer-Verlag.
Mollick, Ethan. "Establishing Moore's
Law." IEEE Annals of the History of Computing 28
#3 (July-Sept. 2006): 62-75. <UMN>
Morris, P.R. A History of the World Semiconductor Industry (London: P. Peregrinus/Institution of Electrical Engineers, 1990).
Noyce, R.N., and M.E. Hoff, "A History of Microprocessor Development at Intel." IEEE Micro 1 #1 (Feb. 1981): 8-21.
Pearson, Jamie Parker. Digital at Work (Digital, 1992) [history of the Digital Equipment Company]
Schein, Edgar H. DEC Is Dead, Long Live DEC: The Lasting Legacy of Digital Equipment Corporation. Berrett-Koehler Publishers, 2003.
Thomas, P.A.V. "Solidac: an early
minicomputer for teaching purposes." Annals of the
History of Computing 15 #4 (1993): 79-83. <UMN>
Atkinson, Bill, and Andy Hertzfeld, oral history at Computer
History Museum (June 8, 2004) <www.computerhistory.org/collections/accession/102658007>
Bardini, Thierry. Bootstrapping: Douglas Engelbart, coevolution, and the origins of personal computing. Stanford University Press, 2000.
Chposky, James, and Ted. Blue Magic: the people, power, and politics behind the IBM personal computer. New York, NY: Facts on File, 1988.
Cusumano, Michael
A. Microsoft Secrets: How the World's Most Powerful
Software Company Creates Technology, Shapes Markets and
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